Problem bank

Problem 295 of 333HardLinear AlgebraP295

Is the last principal component the minimum-variance portfolio?

  1. Three assets have annual return covariance matrix (in %2\%^2)

    Σ=(313220326752205273)\Sigma = \begin{pmatrix} 31 & 32 & 20 \\ 32 & 67 & 52 \\ 20 & 52 & 73 \end{pmatrix}

    You are told its eigenvectors are (1,2,2)/3(1, 2, 2)/3, (2,1,−2)/3(2, 1, -2)/3 and (2,−2,1)/3(2, -2, 1)/3.

    A colleague says: "The last principal component is the lowest-variance direction, so rescale it to sum to 1 and you have the fully invested minimum-variance portfolio."

    • Find the eigenvalues and the share of variance each principal component explains.
    • Compute the colleague's portfolio and its variance.
    • Find the true minimum-variance portfolio with w1+w2+w3=1w_1 + w_2 + w_3 = 1 and its variance.
    • Under what condition on Σ\Sigma would the colleague be right?